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Flavonoids (bioflavonoids in the media) are phenylpronanoids, a class of plant-derived organic compounds that are biosynthesized from the amino acid phenylalanine and belonging to the polyphenol group, characterized by the presence of more than one phenol group per molecule. Flavonoids are most commonly known for their antioxidant activity.

Polyphenols are a group of chemical substances found in plants, characterized by the presence of more than one phenol group per molecule. Polyphenols are generally further subdivided into tannins, and phenylpropanoids such as lignins and flavonoids.

Phenylpropanoids are a class of plant-derived organic compounds that are biosynthesized from the amino acid phenylalanine. This class includes: cinnamic acids, cinnamic aldehydes and monolignols, coumarins and flavonoids, stilbenoids. They have a wide variety of functions, including defense against herbivores, microbial attack, or other sources of injury; as structural components of cell walls; as protection [...]